The fire safety engineering applied here to open car parks, with respect to their fire resistance, considers specific design fire scenarios as well as corresponding fire development. It takes account of localized heating, global structural behaviour rather than single structural member resistance, etc.
In fact, in case of fire in open car parks, only a small part of structure will be exposed directly to fire because of the limited fire spread due to open environment as well as rapid fire brigade intervention. In consequence, the load redistribution to cold parts might become possible and can be taken into account through global structural analysis.
This kind of approach based on 3D modelling of the mechanical response of composite floor was already used in various fire safety engineering projects in France to check the stability of unprotected composite steel framed open car parks subject to most severe real fire scenarios.
Finally, it should be mentioned that these severe fire scenarios have been selected for fire resistance purposes only. They should not be used, for example, for smoke control purposes.
Cross References:
ISO/TS 24679:2011
EN 1990:2002
EN 1991-1-2:2002
EN 1992-1-2:2004
EN 1994-1-1:2004
EN 1994-1-2:2005
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